Riebeckite

mineral

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Oct 11, 2023 - 11:37

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riebeckite, a sodium-iron silicate mineral [Na₂Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂] in the amphibole family. It forms part of a solid-solution series that includes both magnesioriebeckite (formed when iron is replaced by magnesium) and glaucophane (formed when iron is replaced by magnesium and aluminum).

Riebeckite is a moderately hard mineral with a glassy lustre. It forms prismatic crystals that are dark blue or black in colour. A fibrous variety, crocidolite, is of metamorphic origin and is commonly called blue asbestos.

The mineral is associated with acidic igneous rocks such as granites and syenites. Common deposits are found in Arizona, Colorado, and Massachusetts, U.S.; Greenland; Portugal; Nigeria; South Africa; and portions of western Australia. For detailed physical properties, see amphibole (table).

Amphiboles
name	colour	lustre	Mohs hardness	specific gravity
actinolite	colourless to gray; darkens with increased Fe through green to black	silky; oily	2.9–3.2	2.9–3.2
anthophyllite	white, gray, green, or various shades of brown	vitreous	5½–6	2.9–3.2
arfvedsonite	dark bluish green to greenish black or black	vitreous	34460	3–3.5
basaltic hornblende	brown to black	glassy	34460	3.2–3.3
common hornblende	pale to dark green	glassy	34460	3–3.4
cummingtonite	dark green; brown	silky	34460	3.1–3.6
glaucophane	gray or lavender-blue	vitreous	6	3.1–3.3
richterite	brown, yellow, brownish red, pale to dark green	vitreous	34460	3–3.4
riebeckite	dark blue or black	vitreous	5	3–3.4
name	habit or form	fracture or cleavage	refractive indices	crystal system
actinolite	fibrous massive	one perfect cleavage of 56 degrees	alpha = 1.600–1.672 beta = 1.614–1.686 gamma = 1.627–1.693	monoclinic
anthophyllite	fibrous or lamellar masses; bladed and prismatic crystal aggregates	one perfect cleavage of 54 degrees	alpha = 1.587–1.642 beta = 1.602–1.655 gamma = 1.613–1.661	orthorhombic
arfvedsonite	long prisms; prismatic aggregates	one perfect cleavage of 56 degrees	alpha = 1.612–1.700 beta = 1.625–1.709 gamma = 1.630–1.710	monoclinic
basaltic hornblende	massive	one perfect cleavage of 56 degrees	alpha = 1.622–1.690 beta = 1.672–1.730 gamma = 1.680–1.760	monoclinic
common hornblende	massive	one good cleavage of 56 degrees	alpha = 1.615–1.705 beta = 1.618–1.714 gamma = 1.632–1.730	monoclinic
cummingtonite	fibrous or lamellar massive	one good cleavage of 55 degrees	alpha = 1.643–1.688 beta = 1.658–1.711 gamma = 1.663–1.731	monoclinic
glaucophane	fibrous or columnar massive	one good cleavage of 58 degrees	alpha = 1.606–1.661 beta = 1.622–1.667 gamma = 1.627–1.670	monoclinic
richterite	elongated crystals	one perfect cleavage of 56 degrees	alpha = 1.605–1.685 beta = 1.618–1.700 gamma = 1.627–1.712	monoclinic
riebeckite	longitudinally striated prismatic crystals; fibrous massive	one good cleavage of 56 degrees	alpha = 1.645–1.701 beta = 1.662–1.711 gamma = 1.668–1.717	monoclinic